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Five Types of Majorities – Polity

By March 14, 2023May 22nd, 2023Announcement, GS 2, Polity & governance

Five Types of Majorities

Polity

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Five Types of Majority

  1. Simple 
  2. Effective
  3. Special Type 1
  4. Special Type 2 
  5. Absolute Majority
  6. Special Appearance 
  7. Special Majority Type 3

Simple Majority 

50 percent of present and voting

  • Ordinary Bills
  • Passing Motions (NCM/Adjournment etc.)
  • Removal of VP in Lok Sabha
  • Approval of Financial Emergency
  • Approval of State Emergency 
  • Election of Speaker/Deputy Speaker
  • Ratification of Constitutional Amendment Bill by State legislatures 
  • States Reorganisation under Article 3

Effective majority 

  • 50 percent of the EFFECTIVE strength of the house
  • Total Strength – number of Vacant Seats = Effective Strength
  • Removal of Vice President (Rajya Sabha)
  • Removal of Speaker/Deputy Speaker

Special Majority Type 1 

  • Used under Article 368
  • 50 percent of total strength of house + 2/3rd of present and voting

Special Majority Type 1 

  • Constitutional Amendment Bill without Federalism 
  • Removal of SC/HC judge
  • Removal of Chief Election Commissioner 
  • Approval of National Emergency 
  • Creation/Abolition of legislative Council (Resolution in Assembly)

Special Majority Type 2

  • Under Article 61 
  • 2/3rd of the total strength of house
  • Impeachment of President.

Special Majority Type 3

  • Article 249 
  • 2/3rd members present and voting
  • Pass Rajya Sabha resolution to empower parliament to make laws in the state list.

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