Questions from Crash Course

1. Arrange the given forms of pottery in the chronological sequence (From earliest to latest) of how they are found during excavation –

1. Black and Red Ware (BRW)

2. Ochre Coloured Ware (OCW)

3. Painted Grey Ware (PGW)

4. Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW)

A. 2-1-3-4

B. 1-2-3-4

C. 3-1-2-4

D. 4-3-2-1

2. Which of the following are the characteristics of the Harrapan Civilisation ?

1. Planned Urbanisation
2. Evidences of International Trade
3. Bronze casting through Lost Wax Technique
4. Developed Religious practices performed in small temples.

Choose the correct options from the above –

A. All of the above

B. 1,2 and 3 only

C. 2.3 and 4 only

D. 1,3 and 4 only

Questions from Test Series

Foundation Test – 3 (History)

3. Consider the following statements with reference to the Mahayana Buddhism:

1. Buddha’s presence was shown in sculpture by using certain signs.
2. They used Sanskrit Language to interact with the masses.
3. They believed in the Bodhisattva concept of the salvation of all conscious individuals.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

4. Consider the following pairs: With reference to the classification of lands under Akbar, consider the following statements:

1. Polaj land is land left out of cultivation for a time that it may recover its strength.
2. Parauti is land annually cultivated for each crop in succession and is never allowed to lie fallow.
3. Chachar is land that has been kept fallow for three or four years.
4. Banjar is land uncultivated for 5 years and more.

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect ?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 4 only

C. 1,2 and 4 only

D. 1 and 2 only

UPSC Previous Year Question – 2022

5. According to Kautilya’s Arthashastra, which of the following are correct?

1. A person could be a slave as a result of a judicial punishment
2. If a female slave bore her master a son,
3. If a son born to a female slave was fathered by her master, the son was entitled to the legal status of the master’s son.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. All of the above.

Answers with Explanations

Questions from Crash Course

1.Arrange the given forms of pottery in the chronological sequence (From earliest to latest) of how they are found during excavation –

1. Black and Red Ware (BRW)
2. Ochre Coloured Ware (OCW)
3. Painted Grey Ware (PGW)
4. Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW)

A. 2-1-3-4

B. 1-2-3-4

C. 3-1-2-4

D. 4-3-2-1

Answer : B

Explanation –

Potteries and their corresponding age –

• BRW – Harrapan Age
• OCP – Between Harrapan and Vedic Age
• PGW – Vedic Age
• NBPW – Mauryan Age

2. Which of the following are the characteristics of the Harrapan Civilisation ?

2. Planned Urbanisation
3. Evidences of International Trade
4. Bronze casting through Lost Wax Technique
5. Developed Religious practices performed in small temples.

Choose the correct options from the above –

A. All of the above

B. 1, 2 and 3 only

C. 2, 3 and 4 only

D. 1, 3 and 4 only

Answer : B

Explanation

• Statement 1, 2 and 3 are correct and are definite characteristic of Harrapan Civilisation.
• Statement 4 is incorrect as during the excavation relating to Harrpan Age, we have found zero evidences of Temples, moreover Harrpan believed in Animism i.e worshipping of objects which are natural such as sun, fire, earth etc.

Questions from Test Series

Foundation Test – 3 (History)

3. Consider the following statements with reference to the Mahayana Buddhism:

1. Buddha’s presence was shown in sculpture by using certain signs.
2. They used Sanskrit Language to interact with the masses.
3. They believed in the Bodhisattva concept of the salvation of all conscious individuals.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Answer : B

Explanation

Detailed Explanation –

During the 4th Buddhist council organised during King Kanishka’s reign, there was a split in Buddhism and 2 sects were born: Hinayana Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism.

• Mahayana Buddhism means the greater or upper vehicle. The school is more liberal and believes in the heavenliness of Buddha and Bodhisattvas incarnates Buddha Nature. The definitive goal under Mahayana is “spiritual upliftment”.

Statement 1 is incorrect

• Earlier, the Buddha’s presence was shown in sculpture by using certain signs. For instance. his attainment of enlightenment was shown by sculptures of the peepal tree.
• However, with the emergence of the Mahayana Buddhism, statues of the Buddha were made.
• The Mahayana followers believe in idol or image worship of Buddha. Many of these idols were made in Mathura, while others were made in Taxila.

Statement 2 is correct

• The Mahayana scholars predominantly used Sanskrit as a language.

Statement 3 is correct

• The concept of Bodhisattva is the result of Mahayana Buddhism. It believes in Bodhisattva concept of salvation of all conscious individual. The ultimate goal under Mahayana is “spiritual upliftment”. Bodhisattvas were supposed to be persons who had attained enlightenment. Once they attained enlightenment, they could live in complete isolation and meditate in peace.

However, instead of doing that, they remained in the world to teach and help other people.

4. Consider the following pairs: With reference to the classification of lands under Akbar, consider the following statements:

1. Polaj land is land left out of cultivation for a time that it may recover its strength.
2. Parauti is land annually cultivated for each crop in succession and is never allowed to lie fallow.
3. Chachar is land that has been kept fallow for three or four years.
4. Banjar is land uncultivated for 5 years and more.

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect ?

1. 2 and 3 only
2. 1 and 4 only
3. 1,2 and 4 only
4. 1 and 2 only

Answer : D

Explanation

The Emperor Akbar classified the lands and fixed a different revenue to be paid by each.

Statement 1 is incorrect

• Polaj is land which is annually cultivated for each crop in succession and is never allowed to lie fallow.

Statement 2 is incorrect

• Parauti is land left out of cultivation for a time that it may recover its strength.

Statement 3 is correct

• Chachar is land that has been kept fallow for three or four years.

Statement 4 is correct

• Banjar is land uncultivated for five years and more.

Reference: Class 12^th Ncert

UPSC Previous Year Question – 2022

5. According to Kautilya’s Arthashastra, which of the following are correct?

1. A person could be a slave as a result of a judicial punishment
2. If a female slave bore her master a son, she was legally free.
3. If a son born to a female slave was fathered by her master, the son was entitled to the legal status of the master’s son.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. All of the above.

Answer : D

Explanation

1. • According to Kautilya’s Arthashastra, There are 4 ways through which a person can become a slave –
     • By Birth
     • Voluntarily
     • By War
     • By Judicial Punishment.
     • Statement 2 and 3 are correct, when a master bores a son to his female slave, he gets all the legal rights and moreover the female slave is set free.

 

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