1. La Soufriere Volcano – SO2 emissions from volcano eruption in the Caribbean have reached all the way to India
Hidden GS
- Global temperatures may be cooled by volcanic emissions that reach the stratosphere.
- The transformation of Sulphur dioxide into Sulphuric acid, which condenses quickly in the stratosphere to generate fine sulphate aerosols, is what has the biggest effects on climate from volcanic injections into the stratosphere.
- The aerosols increase the amount of solar radiation that is reflected back into space, cooling the troposphere, or lower atmosphere, of the Earth.
- UPSC PYQ – Geoengineering Technique
In the context of which of the following do some scientists suggest the use of cirrus cloud thinning technique and the injection of sulphate aerosol into stratosphere? (2019)
- Creating the artificial rains in some regions
- Reducing the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones
- Reducing the adverse effects of solar wind on the Earth
- Reducing the global warming
2. Hawaii’s – Kilauea Volcano
In addition to Kilauea, the Island of Hawaii is made up of four other volcanoes:
3. Mauna Loa Volcano
Mauna Loa, the world’s largest active volcano
Hidden GS : Hotspot Volcanism, Hawaiian Hotspot
NCERT Map
4. Volcanic Eruption in Tonga
Hidden GS – triggered Tsunami waves around the Pacific.
- The series of extremely long waves, Tsunami are very long wavelengths of water caused by a large and sudden displacement of the ocean due to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions etc.
Hidden GS – Undersea Volcano eruption Eruption.
- Relief of Ocean Floor – Sea Mounts and Mid Oceanic Ridges
- Seamounts are individual volcanoes on the ocean floor. They are distinct from the plate-boundary volcanic system of the mid-ocean ridges, because seamounts tend to be circular or conical.
Please Note
Hidden GS – Ring of Fire
5. Sangay Volcano- Ecuador, part of the Pacific Rim’s “Ring of Fire” region, has eight volcanoes such as Cotopaxi (5,897m), Cayambe (5,790m), Pichincha (4,784m) etc. in its territory.
Sangay Volcano- Ecuador, part of the Pacific Rim’s “Ring of Fire” region, has eight volcanoes such as Cotopaxi (5,897m), Cayambe (5,790m), Pichincha (4,784m) etc. in its territory.
6. Cotopaxi Volcano 
7. Mount Sinabung- Indonesia’s Sumatra
8. Mount Sinabung- Indonesia’s Sumatra
Hidden GS – Indonesia – Pacific Ring of Fire
Plate Interactions
9 . Semeru Volcano – Indonesia
10. Mt. Merapi of Indonesia
11.Taal Volcano: Philippines
12. Pinatubo Volcano: Philippines
13. Fukutoku-Okanoba Volcano: Japan
14. Sakurajima Volcano Japan
NCERT Map
Island Arc + Ring of Fire (Convergence of Plates )
Points to Know :
15. Cumbre Vieja volcano in La Palma – Spain
16. Mount Nyiragongo – Eastern DR Congo
Hidden GS – It is one of the 16 Decade Volcanoes. 
- The Decade Volcanoes are 16 volcanoes identified by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI).
- They are considered worthy of particular study in light of their history of large, destructive eruptions and proximity to densely populated areas.
- They are named Decade Volcanoes because the project was initiated in the 1990s as part of the United Nations-sponsored International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction.
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