Daily Current Affairs UPSC: News Based MCQs Quiz | 20th June 2025

Answer: (D) All of the above

Detailed Explanation

The Government of India launched National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30^thJune, 2008 outlining eight National Missions on climate change. These include:

1. National Solar Mission
2. National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency
3. National Mission on Sustainable Habitat
4. National Water Mission
5. National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Eco-system
6. National Mission for a Green India
7. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
8. National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change

The Department of Science & Technology, Ministry of Science & Technology was entrusted with the responsibility of coordinating two out of these eight national missions on climate change. These are:

1. National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE) and
2. National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change (NMSKCC)

Answer: (A) 1 Only

Detailed Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification. It’s a technology that uses radio waves to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. These tags, also known as transponders, contain digitally stored information that can be read by a reader without physical contact or line of sight. RFID is commonly used for inventory management, asset tracking, and access control.

Statement 2 is incorrect: SINGLE TRIP: For point-based fee plazas, each crossing of the plaza will be counted as one trip; a round trip (to and fro) will be counted as two trips. For closed tolling fee plazas, a pair of entry and exit will be counted as one trip.

Answer: (A) Only one

Detailed Explanation

1. Alluvial Soil:

Characteristics:

This is the most common type of soil in India, characterized by its loamy texture and high fertility due to its nutrient-rich composition.

Crops:

Suitable for a wide variety of crops, including: Rice , Wheat, Sugarcane , Cotton , Oilseeds (like groundnut and mustard) , Pulses (like chickpeas and lentils)

2. Black Soil:

Characteristics:

Also known as regur soil, it’s characterized by its high clay content and good water-retention capacity.

Crops:

Ideal for: Cotton (considered one of the most suitable crops for black soil) , Pulses, Millets , Sugarcane , Citrus fruits

3. Red Soil:

Characteristics: This soil is reddish in color due to the presence of iron oxide and is found in areas with warm and humid climates.

Crops: Maize, Groundnut, Rice, Fruits (like mango and orange) , Vegetables, Pulses

Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

Detailed Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, is a foundational document in the development of the rule of law, particularly in English-speaking countries. It established the principle that even a monarch is subject to the law, limiting the arbitrary exercise of power and promoting principles of due process and equality before the law.

Statement 2 is correct: The Wood’s Dispatch of 1854, often called the “Magna Carta of English Education in India,” is a significant document that shaped the development of the education system in British India. It was a comprehensive plan for the spread of education, recommending a system of graded schools, the establishment of universities, and the use of both English and vernacular languages in education.

Answer: (D) None of the above

Detailed Explanation

Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

Detailed Explanation

Crude Oil

Crude oil means a mixture of hydrocarbons that exists in liquid phase in natural underground reservoirs and remains liquid at atmospheric pressure after passing through surface separating facilities.

1. Depending upon the characteristics of the crude stream, it may also include any of the following:

(i) Small amounts of hydrocarbons that exist in gaseous phase in natural underground reservoirs but are liquid at atmospheric conditions (temperature and pressure) after being recovered from oil well (casing-head) gas in lease separators and are subsequently commingled with the crude stream without being separately measured. Lease condensate recovered as a liquid from natural gas wells in lease or field separation facilities and later mixed into the crude stream is also included.
(ii) Small amounts of nonhydrocarbons, such as sulphur and various metals.
(iii) Drip gases, and liquid hydrocarbons produced from tar sands, oil sands, Gil Sonite, and oil shale.
(iv) Petroleum products that are received or produced at a refinery and subsequently injected into a crude supply or reservoir by the same refinery owner or operator.

2. Liquids produced at natural gas processing plants are excluded. Crude oil is refined to produce a wide array of petroleum products, including heating oils; gasoline, diesel and jet fuels; lubricants; asphalt; ethane, propane, and butane; and many other products used for their energy or chemical content.

Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

Detailed Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: Now “thirty-three” vide the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Act, 2019 (37 of 2019), s. 2 (w.e.f. 9-8-2019).

Statement 2 is correct: