[Solved] Consider the following fauna: Lion-tailed Macaque Malabar Civet Sambar Deer How many of the above are generally nocturnal or most active after sunset?

Q84. Consider the following fauna:

1. Lion-tailed Macaque
2. Malabar Civet
3. Sambar Deer

How many of the above are generally nocturnal or most active after sunset?

1. Only one
2. Only two
3. All three
4. None

Answer: 1

Sambar Deer: The elusive sambar deer are crepuscular or nocturnal animals as they are most active at dusk and at night.

They are found in a broad range of forest habitats like dry deciduous forests, rainforests and mixed forests.

These deer play an important role in the ecosystem they live in by dispersing seeds throughout their native range.

Indian Leopard, Bengal Tiger, and Dhole are the predators that prey on them.

It has been listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List

WPA 1972 – Schedule III

Deer Species	IUCN Status	State Animal of
Hangul / Kashmir Stag	Critically Endangered	Jammu & Kashmir
Sangai / Thamin / Brow-Antlered Deer	Endangered	Manipur
Swamp Deer / Barasingha	Vulnerable	Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh
Sambhar	Vulnerable	Odisha
Chital / Spotted Deer / Axis Deer	Least Concern	Telangana

Crepuscular Animals

Matutinal animals are active only before sunrise, and vespertine only after sunset.

· Tigers

· Sambar Deer

· Red Panda

Malabar Civet

· It is endemic to India and was first reported from Travancore, Kerala.

· It is nocturnal in nature and found exclusively in the Western Ghats.

· Habitat

· Wooded plains and hill slopes of evergreen rainforests.

· Western Ghats.

Threats

· Deforestation and commercial plantations are major threats.

· Civetone is extracted from the scent gland of this animal and used in medicine, and as an aromatic.

· Wildlife Protection Act Status – Schedule I

· CITES – Appendix III

· Haven’t been sighted since 1991.

· It is among the 15 most threatened mammals in the world today.

Lion-tailed Macaque

· It is also called as Lion-tailed Macaque, Wanderoo, or Liontail Macaque.

· It is diurnal, meaning it is active exclusively in daylight hours.

· This animal is endemic to the Western Ghats of Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

· The Lion-tailed macaques prefer to stay in the higher canopy of tropical evergreen forests.

· The main threat to this species is habitat disintegration due to human activities.

· They are listed as endangered species under IUCN list.

· Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

· Appendix I of CITES