Daily Current Affairs UPSC: News Based MCQs Quiz | 4th July 2025

Answer: (B) Brahmos

Detailed Explanation

• The name Brahmos has been taken as a combination of the two rivers Brahmaputra and Moskva
• It is a medium-range supersonic cruise missile that can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft, or land.
• It is the fastest supersonic cruise missile in the world.
• Its range was initially capped at 290 km as per obligations of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR).
• Since India‘s entry into MTCR, the range has been extended to 450 km and the plan is to increase it to 600km.
• It also provides a much-desired capability to strike from large stand-off ranges with pinpoint accuracy by day or night and in all weather conditions.

Answer: (A) 3,2,4,1

Detailed Explanation

As of June the correct order is:

• Russia
• Iraq
• USA
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE

Answer: (A) Only one

Detailed Explanation

Answer: (C) All three

Detailed Explanation

• The American Revolution—also called the U. S. War of Independence—was the insurrection fought between 1775 and 1783 through which 13 of Great Britain’s North American colonies threw off British rule to establish the sovereign United States of America, founded with the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
• The February Revolution in Russia, which began in March 1917 (February according to the Julian calendar), was a series of spontaneous protests and strikes in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg) that led to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the end of the Romanov dynasty.
• The French Revolution, spanning from 1789 to 1799, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the end of the French monarchy and aristocracy, and the rise of new political ideologies like republicanism and nationalism.

Answer: (A) Only one

Detailed Explanation

• Exercise Shakti
  • Participating Nations – India & France (Biennial training conducted alternatively in India and France.
  • Focus – Operations in the semi-urban and mountainous terrain.
• Exercise HOPEX
  • About-Fourth joint exercise of IAF (Indian Air Force) and EAF (Egyptian Air Force)
  • Aim-To enhance bilateral and regional cooperation
• Exercise Dosti
  • Description – trilateral coast guard exercise b/w India, Sri Lanka and the Maldives.
  • Frequency – Biennial exercise
  • History – first conducted in 1991 b/w the Indian and Maldives Coast Guards.
  • Sri Lanka joined in 2012.
  • Areas of cooperation – assistance in sea accidents, eliminating sea pollution and addressing issue of oil spill.

Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

Detailed Explanation

• Golden Rice is a new type of rice that contains beta carotene (provitamin A, a plant pigment that the body converts into vitamin A as needed). This compound is what gives this grain its yellow-orange or golden color, hence its name.
• Golden Rice is developed through genetic engineering. While ordinary rice does produce beta carotene, it is not found in the grain. Thus, scientists used genetic engineering to add the compound to the grain – a minor tweak that improved the grain’s nutritive value. The beta carotene in Golden Rice, which was made possible by the addition of two new enzymes, is identical to the beta-carotene found in green leafy and yellow-colored vegetables, orange-colored fruit, and even in many vitamin supplements and food ingredients.

Answer: (C) Cyanobacteria

Detailed Explanation

• Cyanobacteria are autotrophic microbes widely distributed in aquatic and terrestrial environments many of which can fix atmospheric nitrogen,
• e.g. Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria, etc. In paddy fields, cyanobacteria serve as an important biofertiliser. Blue green algae also add organic matter to the soil and increase its fertility.