ChatGPT chatbot

• Recently OpenAI, the company best known for Dall-E — the AI-based text-to-image generator — introduced a new chatbot called ChatGPT. ChatGPT is a ‘conversational’ AI and will answer queries just like a human would– well, at least that’s the promise and premise

What is ChatGPT?

• GPT stands for Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 and this is a kind of computer language model that relies on deep learning techniques to produce human-like text based on inputs.
• ChatGPT can answer “follow-up questions”, and can also “admit its mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests.”
• It is based on the company’s GPT 3.5 series of language learning models (LLM)
• One can go to the OpenAI website and sign up to try out ChatGPT. However, you will need to create an account with OpenAI to access this service. 

Benefits

• It is being seen as a replacement for the basic emails, party planning lists, CVs, and even college essays and homework. 
• It can also be used to write code, as examples have shown. 

Limitations

• It may generate incorrect information, and create “biased content.” More importantly, the chatbot’s knowledge of the world and events after 2021 is limited.
• Some people pointed out that the chatbot displayed clear racial and sexist biases, which remains a problem with almost all AI models.
• The chatbot gives answers which are grammatically correct and read well– though some have pointed out that these lack context and substance, which is largely true.

Is ChatGPT capable of writing fiction?

• Yes, but not at the level of a humans, at least not for now. Nor is OpenAI the only company trying to get AI to take over writing. 
• Google had recently showcased how its LaMDA chatbot is being used to help with fiction writing, but it too admitted that this was only a helper right now and cannot take over the entire task. 
• Still, ChatGPT showcases an interesting and exciting use case for AI, where humans can have a ‘real’ conversation with a chatbot.

Issues

• Illicit actors have tried to bypass the tool’s safeguards and carry out malicious use cases with varying degrees of success.
• These users claimed the chatbot helped them write malicious code even though they claimed to be amateurs.
• ChatGPT, however, is programmed to block obvious requests to write phishing emails or code for hackers
• OpenAI notes that asking its bot for illegal or phishing content may violate its content policy. But for someone trespassing such policies, the bot provides a starting point.
• The chatbot displayed clear racial and sexist biases, which remains a problem with almost all AI models.
• Teachers and academicians have also expressed concerns over ChatGPT’s impact on written assignments. They note that the bot could be used to turn in plagiarised essays that could be hard to detect for time-pressed invigilators. 
• Most recently, New York City’s education department banned ChatGPT in its public schools. The authorities have forbidden the bot’s use in all devices and network connected to schools. It is not that plagiarism is new a problem in academic institutions; ChatGPT has changed the way AI is used to create new content. This makes it hard to single out copied content
• ChatGPT occasionally produces inaccurate information and that its knowledge is restricted to global events that occurred before 2021.

Bard vs ChatGPT

• Google has made a decisive move in the generative artificial intelligence (AI) race, announcing that it is working on a competitor to ChatGPT called ‘Bard’.

Bard

• Bard is based on Google’s AI model called LaMDA, which the company had introduced in 2021 as its generative language model for dialogue applications which can ensure that the Google Assistant would be able to converse on any topic.

Difference between ChatGPT and Google’s Bard

• ChatGPT has impressed with its ability to respond to complex queries — though with varying degrees of accuracy — but its biggest shortcoming perhaps is that it cannot access real-time information from the Internet Whereas Bard draws on information from the web to provide fresh, high-quality responses
• ChatGPT’s language model was trained on a vast dataset to generate text based on the input, and the dataset, at the moment, only includes information until 2021
• Bard will synthesise a response that reflects differing opinions.
• For example, the question, “Is it easier to learn the piano or the guitar?” would be met with “Some say the piano is easier to learn, as the finger and hand movements are more natural… Others say that it’s easier to learn chords on the guitar.”

Concern

• The text generation software from Google and OpenAI, while fascinating and eloquent, can be extremely prone to inaccuracies, experts have pointed out. The ability to search the Internet in real-time, including content such as hate speech and racial and gender biases and stereotyping, could lead to problems, and take the sheen off these new products. 

GPT-4

AI powerhouse OpenAI announced GPT-4, the next big update to the technology that powers ChatGPT 

• GPT-4 is supposedly bigger, faster, and more accurate than ChatGPT, so much so, that it even clears several top examinations with flying colours, like the Uniform Bar Exam for those wanting to practice as lawyers in the US.
• GPT-3 and ChatGPT’s GPT-3.5 were limited to textual input and output, meaning they could only read and write. However, GPT-4 can be fed images and asked to output information accordingly.
• it can “answer tax-related questions, schedule a meeting among three busy people, or learn a user’s creative writing style
• ChatGPT’s GPT-3.5 model could handle 4,096 tokens or around 8,000 words but GPT-4 pumps those numbers up to 32,768 tokens or around 64,000 words.
• It will be a lot harder to trick GPT-4 into producing undesirable outputs such as hate speech and misinformation.
• But GPT-4 is more multilingual and OpenAI has demonstrated that it outperforms GPT-3.5 and other LLMs by accurately answering thousands of multiple-choice across 26 languages. 
• It obviously handles English best with an 85.5 per cent accuracy, but Indian languages like Telugu aren’t too far behind either, at 71.4 per cent. What this means is that users will be able to use chatbots based on GPT-4 to produce outputs with greater clarity and higher accuracy in their native languages.

Can you try GPT-4 right now?

• GPT-4 has already been integrated into products like Duolingo, Stripe, and Khan Academy for varying purposes. While it’s yet to be made available for all for free, a $20 per month ChatGPT Plus subscription can fetch you immediate access. The free tier of ChatGPT, meanwhile, continues to be based on GPT-3.5.
• However, if you don’t wish to pay, then there’s an ‘unofficial’ way to begin using GPT-4 immediately. Microsoft has confirmed that the new Bing search experience now runs on GPT-4 and you can access it from bing.com/chat right now.

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