- Qubit
- Superposition
- Quantum entanglement
- Quantum Supremacy
- Quantum satellite
- Quantum dot
- Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
Quantum computing
- Quantum computing is an area of computer science that uses the principles of quantum theory. Quantum theory explains the behavior of energy and material on the atomic and subatomic levels.
- Quantum computing uses subatomic particles, such as electrons or photons.
- Quantum bits, or qubits, allow these particles to exist in more than one state (i.e., 1 and 0) at the same time
QUBIT
- Quantum computing relies on quantum bits, or “qubits”, which can also represent a 0 or a 1.
- Qubits can also achieve a mixed state, called a “superposition” where they are both 1 and 0 at the same time.
Quantum Supremacy
- It’s the point at which a quantum computer can complete a mathematical calculation that is beyond the reach of even the most powerful supercomputer.
- Recently, Sycamore (Google’s quantum computer)took 200 seconds to perform a calculation that the world’s fastest supercomputer would have taken 10,000 years to accomplish.
Quantum satellite
- Recently, China’s quantum satellite, Micius enables first totally secure long-range messages
Micius
- world’s first quantum-enabled satellite, launched by China in 2016.
- It is also known as the Quantum Experiments at Space Scale (QUESS)which is Chinese research project in the field of quantum physics.
- This breakthrough was achieved by Micius using Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
- Technique that allows for secure distribution of keys to be used for encrypting and decrypting messages.
- Whereas in QKD achieves security through the laws of quantum physics i.e. superposition and entanglement.
Superposition
- means that each qubit can represent both a 1 and a 0 at the same time.
Quantum entanglement
- Subatomic particles become inextricably linked or “entangled” in such a way that any change in one disturbs the other even if both are at opposite ends of the universe.
- Quantum Satellite serves as source of pairs of entangled photons, twinned light particles whose properties remain intertwined no matter how far apart they are.
- This means any attempt at hacking entangled particles would be impossible.
Quantum Dots
- Tiny particles or nanocrystals of a semiconducting material with diameters in the range of 2-10 nanometres.
- Quantum dots display unique electronic properties, intermediate between those of bulk semiconductors and discrete molecules.
- They can be made to emit or absorb specific wavelengths of light by controlling their size.
- It can lead to a new generation of high definition technology.
- It can be used as a display platform in televisions, for enhanced medical imaging as well as in solar cells which will pave the way for brighter, lighter and more energy efficient TVs and smart devices.
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