• Qubit
• Superposition
• Quantum entanglement
• Quantum Supremacy
• Quantum satellite
• Quantum dot
• Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)

Quantum computing

• Quantum computing is an area of computer science that uses the principles of quantum theory. Quantum theory explains the behavior of energy and material on the atomic and subatomic levels.
• Quantum computing uses subatomic particles, such as electrons or photons. 
• Quantum bits, or qubits, allow these particles to exist in more than one state (i.e., 1 and 0) at the same time

QUBIT

• Quantum computing relies on quantum bits, or “qubits”, which can also represent a 0 or a 1. 
• Qubits can also achieve a mixed state, called a “superposition” where they are both 1 and 0 at the same time. 

Quantum Supremacy

• It’s the point at which a quantum computer can complete a mathematical calculation that is beyond the reach of even the most powerful supercomputer.
• Recently, Sycamore (Google’s quantum computer)took 200 seconds to perform a calculation that the world’s fastest supercomputer would have taken 10,000 years to accomplish.

Quantum satellite

• Recently, China’s quantum satellite, Micius enables first totally secure long-range messages

Micius 

• world’s first quantum-enabled satellite, launched by China in 2016.
• It is also known as the Quantum Experiments at Space Scale (QUESS)which is Chinese research project in the field of quantum physics.
• This breakthrough was achieved by Micius using Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)

• Technique that allows for secure distribution of keys to be used for encrypting and decrypting messages.
• Whereas in QKD achieves security through the laws of quantum physics i.e. superposition and entanglement.

Superposition 

• means that each qubit can represent both a 1 and a 0 at the same time.

Quantum entanglement

• Subatomic particles become inextricably linked or “entangled” in such a way that any change in one disturbs the other even if both are at opposite ends of the universe.
• Quantum Satellite serves as source of pairs of entangled photons, twinned light particles whose properties remain intertwined no matter how far apart they are.
• This means any attempt at hacking entangled particles would be impossible.

Quantum Dots

• Tiny particles or nanocrystals of a semiconducting material with diameters in the range of 2-10 nanometres. 
• Quantum dots display unique electronic properties, intermediate between those of bulk semiconductors and discrete molecules. 
• They can be made to emit or absorb specific wavelengths of light by controlling their size. 
• It can lead to a new generation of high definition technology. 
•  It can be used as a display platform in televisions, for enhanced medical imaging as well as in solar cells which will pave the way for brighter, lighter and more energy efficient TVs and smart devices.

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